Glossary

Chinese source: 术语表
Locale: en-US
Audience: Internal learning

Chinese	Preferred English	U.S. Usage Note
核心银行	Core Banking	The system of record for accounts, balances, posting, and product rules.
核心柜面	Core Operations Console	Better for a digital-bank internal system than teller counter.
产品工厂	Product Factory	Configuration capability for product rules, rates, fees, limits, and lifecycle behavior.
客户号	Customer ID	Identifies the customer entity.
客户账号	Customer Account Number	Identifies the customer-level account relationship or account container.
子账户	Sub-account	The specific account unit that carries product, currency, balance, rate, term, and status.
负债账号	Liability Account Number	A deposit account is a liability from the bank's accounting perspective.
活期	Demand Deposit Account (DDA)	Use checking account or savings account when the product type is clear. Avoid defaulting to current account.
定期	Time Deposit / Certificate of Deposit (CD)	CD is natural in U.S. retail banking, while time deposit is broader.
账户余额	Ledger Balance	The recorded book balance.
可用余额	Available Balance	The amount currently available for withdrawal, transfer, or use.
冻结余额	Frozen Balance	Funds restricted by a freeze or control action.
账户状态	Account Status	Indicates whether the account is active, closed, restricted, or in another lifecycle state.
限制状态	Restriction Status	Indicates whether transaction capability is constrained by restrictions, controls, or product rules.
管控码	Restriction Code / Account Control Code	Use restriction code for learning pages unless the system explicitly calls it a control code.
限额	Limit	Can be amount limit, count limit, channel limit, or transaction limit.
借方	Debit Side	In operations learning, treat it as the funding/source side first.
贷方	Credit Side	In operations learning, treat it as the receiving/destination side first.
入账	Posting	Use phrases like post a transaction or transaction posting.
冲账	Transaction Reversal	Do not translate as chargeback unless discussing card disputes.
业务流水	Business Reference Number	Tracks a business transaction or request.
系统流水	System Reference Number	Tracks the core system processing record.
主机日期	Business Date	The core system's business date, which may differ from the calendar date.
内部户	Internal Account	Used by the bank for settlement, suspense, clearing, fee, and accounting flows.
科目号	GL Account / GL Code	Use GL wording instead of literal translations.
待销账	Suspense Item	A pending accounting item that needs later matching, clearing, or write-off.
勾兑	Reconciliation / Balancing	Choose based on whether the focus is record matching or operational balancing.
日切	Business Date Rollover	The system moves from one business date to the next.
日终	End-of-Day Processing / EOD Batch	Use EOD in operational and batch contexts.
轧账	Balancing	Often means cash, transaction, voucher, and journal balancing at closeout.
冻结	Freeze	Use place a freeze for the action and account freeze for the result.
扣划	Legal Levy / Forced Debit	Use legal levy when it is based on a legal order; otherwise use forced debit carefully.
转存	Rollover / Renewal	Common for time deposits or CDs.
计息	Interest Accrual / Interest Calculation	accrual emphasizes accounting recognition; calculation emphasizes computation.
结息	Interest Posting / Interest Settlement	Use posting when interest is booked to an account.
付息	Interest Payment	Payment or crediting of already calculated interest.
授权	Authorization / Approval	authorization is the control capability; approval is often the workflow action.

Usage Notes

Use U.S. banking terms by default. For example, prefer DDA, checking account, savings account, time deposit, and CD where the product context is clear.

Keep accounting terms precise. Debit and credit are accounting directions, not moral judgments and not the same as borrowing and lending.